Yellowstone National Park is the spiritual home of American fly fishing — cutthroat trout rising to dry flies in rivers surrounded by geysers, bison, and some of the most dramatic wilderness scenery in North America. Every fish you release here is part of a wild ecosystem that’s irreplaceable.
Fishing Permits and Regulations
- Age 16+: Park fishing permit required in addition to a state license
- All cutthroat trout: Catch-and-release only throughout the park
- Lake trout (Yellowstone Lake): Must be killed — invasive species threatening native cutthroat
- Artificial lures and flies only on most park waters
- Permits available at visitor centers and ranger stations
Best Fishing Waters
Yellowstone River — Hayden Valley
One of the most iconic fly fishing reaches in the world. Large cutthroat rise to dry flies in a wide meadow river with near-guaranteed bison sightings and constant possibility of bears. The Fishing Bridge to Le Hardy Rapids section is exceptional. Best June through September.
Slough Creek
A backpacking destination for serious fly anglers. The first and second meadows — accessed by trail — hold some of the largest cutthroat in the park. A legitimate bucket-list destination combining remote beauty and quality fish.
Firehole River
Fed by thermal runoff — water temperatures are slightly warmer, creating different hatches and timing. Rainbow and brown trout supplement the cutthroat here. The Fountain Flats area is excellent dry fly water. Closes mid-September.
Madison River (park section)
Excellent rainbow and brown trout water from Madison Junction to the West Entrance. Fishes well throughout the season and is the headwaters of one of Montana’s most famous rivers.
When to Fish
Late June–July: Runoff subsides, rivers clear. Famous salmonfly hatch on some waters. Best dry fly fishing of the year.
August: Peak season. All waters fishing well. Visit Slough Creek and hike-in waters to escape crowds.
September: The best month for serious anglers — crowds drop, fish feed aggressively for winter, the landscape turns golden. Highly recommended.
Book a Guided Trip
➜ Browse Yellowstone Fly Fishing Guide Trips — Viator
Where to Stay
➜ Browse Hotels in West Yellowstone, MT — Booking.com
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a Wyoming fishing license to fish in Yellowstone?
You need a Yellowstone Park fishing permit — not a state license — for most of the park. For waters crossing into Montana or Idaho at the park boundaries, the respective state license applies.